Research has shown that 90% of a trout’s diet is beneath the surface. This means the fish are eating midges, nymphs, and pupa stages of insects. To determine the subsurface food source start by turning over rocks close to the water’s edge. A good reference book will help you determine what you are looking at. There are many other ways to examine bug life, such as seining the water and the use of a stomach pump. If you notice trout feeding on the surface, forget what’s going on below. Surface fishing with dry flies can be some of the most fun a fly fisherman can have. Trout oftentimes feed heavily on terrestrials, or land born insects. During warmer months of the year, do not forget about grasshoppers, beetles, and ants. A big trout doesn’t let too many terrestrials pass by.
Fly fishing our tailwaters can be very difficult. Because of the available food, trout become very picky when it comes to eating an artificial fly.You have to approach tailwaters quite differently than you would a mountain stream. These rivers are large with lots of places fish might hold. Use a process of elimination to determine where to fish. Give all types of water a fair shot. Calm slicks of water often produce better during early morning hours and late evening hours when light levels are low. Fish feel safe to roam around in search of food during this time. Riffles and nervous water are always home to fish. It is here, that food is brought to the fish, therefore saving the fish energy. Lay downs and brush piles are great places for a big trout to hideout. In a tailwater environment, no water is bad water.
As far as gear is concerned, a nine foot, five weight rod is perfect for these big rivers. The length allows for long casts and long hook sets. Tailwaters produce trout upwards of twenty pounds. These fish rarely get caught, but it is not uncommon to hook up with a five pound fish. A five weight rod will definitely be needed. A large arbor reel with a hard working drag is a good investment also. Most fishermen prefer long leaders. Long leaders spook less fish and allow for an easier drift when making long cast. Tippet size will differ among rivers. Most tailwaters in our area demand at least 5x. To determine the fly selection you will need, check with a local fly shop or guide service. Polarized glasses are of utmost importance for these big rivers, sight-fishing can be a blast. Waders are a must. The water is too cold for wet wading, and felt bottom boots will help keep traction on slippery rocks.
To catch fish consistently in a tailwater, it’s up to the angler to be out there enough to be able to keep up with the daily changing insect life. Safety should always be first priority. These rivers are controlled by dams. Wade fishing is not an option during a dam’s release. Anglers should always check generation schedules. Float fishing is done during generation. Drift boats, rafts, and canoes are preferred river transportation. Try using a guide service for your first float. This will allow you to get an understanding of the river and any dangerous obstacles you might encounter. These rivers claim the lives of people every year. Dams do not always follow their posted schedule; it is the angler’s responsibility to keep an eye on the water. Also it is an angler’s responsibility to make sure our rivers remain healthy and full of fish for years to come. Practice CPR, catch-photograph- release, there are plenty of restaurants that serve fish.